How to install/pt

[NOTA: adaptação e simplificação do excelente guia disponível em inglês. Traduzido por PPC: https://www.antixforum.com/forums/topic/como-instalar-o-antix/]

The following guide was documented keeping in mind the installation of antiX-Base-64bit version, but is equally applicable to the installation and setup of both antiX Full and Base instances and for 32 and 64 bit computers. A person having knowledge of Debian and opting to install Core and Net editions, and building up from scratch, would probably not need this guide but still it can be used for reference.

Introduction
The name ‘antiX’ is written with the first alphabet ‘a’ being a small letter and the last alphabet ‘X’ being a capital letter. That is how it has been named and recognized.

antiX is a Linux distribution comparatively lightweight and suitable for older computers, while also providing cutting edge kernel and applications, as well as updates and additions via the apt-get package system and Debian-compatible repositories. Besides the standard LIVE release, other versions of antiX are available (base and core), allowing installations with even lower amounts of RAM, hard drive space, and overall hardware limitations. The goal of antiX is to provide a light, but fully functional and flexible free operating system for both newcomers and experienced users of Linux. antiX is set up using Debian Stable repositories by default. This allows users to keep their system up to date with regular upgrades.

Using apt-get or install and use aptitude (but keep to one) from the command line is recommended.

O antiX está disponível em quatro “sabores” tanto para 32 como para 64 bits:

Completo (“full”): instala uma gama completa de aplicações

Base (“base”): Permite ao utilizador escolher o seu próprio conjunto de aplicações.

Núcleo (“Core”): O utilizador terá o controlo completo sobre quais as aplicações a instalar.

Net (“Net”): A edição mínima.

As versões “Core” e “Net” permitem ao utilizador ter controlo total sobre a instalação, dando-lhe a oportunidade de construir o sistema quase do zero. Deve ter conhecimentos de Debian para instalar e configurar as versões Core & Net.

Synaptic application installer is available by default on the full version. It can be installed via package-installer available by default on Base version and from the Debian repositories in other versions.

antiX is based on Debian but is totally free of systemd. It comes with a custom kernel, its own custom scripts and repository to enhance user experience. antiX can be used as a rolling release distro ie you should be able to keep your applications up to date by regularly upgrading. If you wish you can enable the Debian testing or unstable repositories and live on the bleeding-edge! For those that prefer stability, keep to the Debian Stable/stretch repositories. For a nice and thorough discussion and understanding on making/not-making your antix the rolling release see this: https://www.antixforum.com/forums/topic/new-to-debian-and-antix-rolling-release-help/

Visit the antiX FAQ page for any further details on the antiX operating system and its working: https://download.tuxfamily.org/antix/docs-antiX-19/FAQ/index.html

Do not forget to check the “Remaster” and “Snapshot” sections on the FAQ page. You will need them very much after installation.

Requisitos do sistema
A página antiX FAQ dá as seguintes informações sobre os requisitos do sistema. antiX-core e antiX-net funcionarão com 128MB de RAM mais swap, mas não espere milagres!

192MB de RAM é o mínimo recomendado para o antiX. 256MB de RAM e acima é preferido especialmente para o antiX-full.

O antiX-full precisa de um disco rígido mínimo de 3,8GB. O antiX-base precisa de 2,6GB e o antiX-core precisa de 1,0GB. O antiX-net precisa de 0,7GB.

A maioria dos utilizadores deverá utilizar o antiX-full, uma vez que oferece uma experiência completa de “desktop” (ambiente de trabalho) tanto em computadores antigos como modernos.

Se tiver um desktop (computador de mesa) ou um laptop (computador portatil) muito antigo, com menos de 256MB de RAM (PII, PIII), ou se quiser um desktop com “o básico”, é provavelmente melhor usar o antiX-base.

Live USB/CD
O antiX também pode ser usado como CD de salvamento rápido, ou correr “Live” (“ao vivo”) numa pen USB, com ou sem armazenamento de ficheiros persistentes. Leia mais abaixo, sob o título “Persistência” para obter informações sobre “armazenamento de ficheiros/arquivos persistente”. Para detalhes sobre o primeiro ecrã do sistema Live, ver a secção “O PRIMEIRO ECRÃ DE BOOT do SISTEMA LIVE”.

Download
Descarregue a ‘imagem ISO antiX’ a partir do website: https://antixlinux.com

Enquanto descarrega a sua versão antiX requerida, certifique-se também de descarregar os ficheiros md5, sha256 e sig correspondentes para verificar a integridade da imagem ISO descarregada. Coloque todos estes ficheiros, incluindo a imagem ISO, na mesma pasta. Isto ajuda a verificar a integridade da imagem ISO descarregada.

Após o descarregamento, verifique a integridade da imagem ISO descarregada, conforme abaixo:

Verificação da integridade do ficheiro (Passo facultativo)
Verifique ou md5sum ou sha256sum.

O procedimento documentado abaixo pode funcionar num sistema Linux. No entanto, se estiver agora num sistema Windows, dei uma ligação abaixo onde o procedimento para verificar a integridade de um ficheiro ISO no Windows é dado.

https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=42&t=291093

Verificação da integridade de um ficheiro ISO em qualquer sistema Linux:

Encontre o caminho para a sua pasta de transferências. Se for para a pasta descarregada com a ajuda do gestor de ficheiros/arquivos SpaceFM (ou qualquer gestor de ficheiros/arquivos, dependendo do sistema operativo actual, o seu computador), o caminho para a pasta de transferências é dado na barra de endereço quando abre a pasta respectiva. Se o seu ficheiro/arquivo ISO for descarregado para a pasta ‘Downloads’, o caminho será ‘/home/seu nome de utilizador/Downloads’. Se tiver guardado o seu ficheiro ISO noutro lugar, será diferente.

Por exemplo, os nomes dos ficheiros que foram descarregados são os seguintes; (O seu pode ser diferente).

antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso.

antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso.md5

antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso.sha256

Não se esqueça que a primeira letra, o ‘a’ de ‘antiX’ é uma letra minúscula e a última letra ‘X’ está maiúscula.

Abra um terminal em modo “root” (Menu > Aplicações > Sistema > …) e vá para a pasta onde descarregou a ISO, digitando ‘cd’ seguido do caminho para a sua pasta no terminal, como se mostra abaixo;

(Aqui dei o nome do ficheiro de exemplo. O seu pode ser diferente. Portanto, adapte para o nome do ficheiro que descarregou).

Agora está dentro da pasta que descarregou.

Verifying md5sum
Verifique o md5sum do ficheiro iso, digitando o comando no Terminal, como se mostra abaixo;

Não se esqueça de mudar para o nome do ficheiro que descarregou.

Como resposta irá receber um número, como se mostra abaixo (o seu pode ser diferente); (Não feche ainda o terminal).

53ec93c66f0ba7231f5a2aaf2fcb312b antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso

Verifique este número com o número incluído dentro do ficheiro antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso.md5. Ambos devem idênticos, caso contrário, a imagem que descarregou pode ter sido comprometida ou ter-se corrompido. Se isso acontecer, terá que a descarregar novamente.

Verifying sha256sum
A seguir, verifique o sha256sum do ficheiro ISO, como se mostra abaixo;

Não se esqueça de mudar para o nome do ficheiro que descarregou.

Receberá um conjunto de números e letras, como se mostra abaixo (o seu pode ser diferente); (Não feche ainda o terminal).

1bdcd8c460bb7b0dd498588c6f459906e06eea24e2048f63815a14c6f54cb959 antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso

Verifique este ncódigo com o código dado dentro do ficheiro antiX-19.2.1_x64-base.iso.sha256. Ambos devem ser idênticos, caso contrário, a imagem descarregada pode ter sido comprometida ou ter ficado corrompida e terá que a descarregar novamente, de preferência a partir de um “mirror” diferente.

Minimize o Terminal.

Now verify the signature as follows.

Verificação de assinatura
Para verificar a assinatura digite o comando para importar a chave no terminal;

E depois, no terminal da pasta ISO, aquela que minimizou, escreva este comando;

Mais uma vez, não se esqueça de mudar para o nome do ficheiro que descarregou.

O resultado seria semelhante a este;

Se o procedimento acima falhar, faça isto:

Para verificar a assinatura digite primeiro o comando para importar a chave no terminal;

E depois no terminal da pasta ISO, aquela que minimizou, escreva este comando;

Mais uma vez, não se esqueça de mudar para o nome do ficheiro que descarregou.

O resultado seria semelhante a este; Feche este terminal recém-aberto.

Depois escreva o seguinte comando no terminal que minimizou, para verificar a assinatura:

O resultado seria semelhante a este:

O aviso nas últimas linhas está relacionado com a confiança que se deposita na chave de assinatura antiX. A imagem ISO continua correcta, e válida de acordo com a chave de assinatura antiX que descarregou.

Criação do dispositivo USB “Bootável” (de arranque)
É necessário um mínimo de 2GB de cartão SD ou unidade USB para proceder à instalação. Se deseja ter um dispositivo USB com persistência “ao vivo”, então necessitará de mais.

Pode criar um DVD “bootável”. É o mesmo procedimento para ambos os casos.

Agora crie o USB de arranque com a imagem ISO do antiX-19.2.1-x64-Base imagem ISO como indicado:

Para isso, precisa de um software chamado “USBMaker-git”. Ele está disponível na maioria das distribuições Linux, no instalador de pacotes. Instale-o se ainda não estiver instalado. Este procedimento pode ser feito em muitos softwares de fabrico Live USB que estão disponíveis em muitas distribuições Linux. Basta tentar e verificar qual funciona para si. Ou então pode criar o usb inicializável num sistema operativo antiX, se um estiver acessível a si. Existe um usb de arranque que foi criado pela equipa antiX, e é instalado por defeito no SO anitiX. Inicie-o a partir de Menu > Aplicações > antiX > “Live USB maker”. Se estiver no SO Windows, é sugerido e recomendado por especialistas o software “Rufus” USB.

Após lançar o “criador de disco USB”, siga as instruções simples que se seguem. O processo é semelhante na maioria dos fabricantes de USB. Estou a dar aqui o procedimento sobre o USBMaker-git.

Dispositivo

No topo, o dispositivo é a unidade USB que escolheu para criar o dispositivo de arranque, ou seja, o leitor de cartões e o cartão dentro dele. Para tal, será necessário um cartão sd de 2GB, no mínimo.

Esquema de partição

Deixe o esquema de partição como MBR se o computador que vai instalar for antigo com a configuração da BIOS. Se o computador for novo com a configuração UEFI, então escolhe o esquema GPT. Em seguida, escolha o sistema de ficheiros como FAT32.

Tamanho do cluster – por defeito.

Etiqueta do volume

Dê uma etiqueta de volume do seu agrado, de modo a poder reconhecer o que está dentro do cartão SD.

ISO Image

Next click on the 3 dots button. Browse to the location of the ISO you have downloaded. That’s it. Click start. Your bootable USB will be created.

BIOS Setup
Next you have to set your computer to boot from your installation USB. To do this you have to enter into BIOS setup section of the computer.

Most computers don’t need this setting up of BIOS to install an OS from USB. They are already setup to boot from USB as the first priority. So first try and see if your computer would boot into your USB. If it doesn’t then set up the BIOS to boot from USB as the first priority as mentioned below.

To setup your BIOS to boot from USB, restart your computer, and immediately after powering on the computer, start pressing, F2 or F4 or F8 or it could be other keys too. Each computer has a different key.

Once you enter BIOS, navigate to Boot section using the arrow keys. Read the instructions on the right thoroughly. There, set the boot priority to boot from USB as the topmost or the first option, then CD/DVD drive and then Hard disk. That’s it. Save and exit. You will be automatically booted into your Live USB installation, now. You will get a boot menu. Select the antiX OS and hit enter.

The first boot screen of the Live system
When the Live system first boot screen opens, you will find several F options to make it easy to boot on any hardware. No need to get startled by seeing so many options. Things are very easy if you follow just one tip and that is, if you don’t understand anything just leave it as it is, except doing some basic things suggested below. Even if you do not set anything here, you will get the opportunity when you boot into the Live system and even after installing. So no need to worry about anything. You can just stick to basic things like language and timezone. If you need more details, press F1. If you think further explanation is necessary, go to the link given below that explains everything on this screen in detail;

https://download.tuxfamily.org/antix/docs-antiX-19/Boot_Menu/antiX-gfxboot.html

Set your language via the F2 key.

To set the timezone use F3.

Use F6 to set the desktop. If you are confused, just leave it as it is. You will get the default ROX-IceWM combo. You can change it later as described in the below sections. Read the section ‘A word on Desktops’. If you have less than 128MB RAM, and want to test antiX live, choose one of the min- options at F6.

You can update, upgrade and install applications during the live session, they will carry over to the actual installation on the Hard disk. You can set the internet in the Live instance. It will be carried over to the actual installation. See the “Starting Internet” section below on how to set the internet. See the “Update & upgrade” sub-section below on how to update & upgrade.

If you want to create a persistence instance see the below section. If not after setting up things, to enter next, into the live system, select to boot into the antiX version you have downloaded and created the Live USB/CD and hit enter. (It is the first choice and is selected already by default.)

Persistence
Persistence is a hybrid between a LiveCD/USB and a full install. One of the beauties of a LiveCD is that it allows you to boot Linux without touching any hard drives so you can have a “test-drive” without fear of altering your current system. Another feature of a LiveCD is that once it is burned, it is close to impossible for it to get infected with a virus or a Trojan horse. Every time you boot it, you start off with a system that is clean and pristine. Persistence gives you a way of remembering things between boots. In order to do so, it needs access to a read-write device, typically either a hard drive or a USB stick.

For complete details on persistence visit the following page on antiX FAQ site. It has dealt with the process thoroughly.

https://download.tuxfamily.org/antix/docs-antiX-17/FAQ/persistence.html

Partitioning the Hard Disk
This is the most serious part. If you are going to use the entire Hard disk and it is empty, then no problem. If you have some partitions on which there is some data, you need to be careful. If you make the smallest mistake your data on the Hard disk can get corrupted or get washed clean. So make a backup of your HD. Go through this process with great caution. Take the steps only when you are sure enough. I recommend that you should search the web and watch some video tutorials or read some websites on ‘how to use Gparted to make partitions’, before proceeding.

Though it is possible to create partitions during installations, I prefer to create partitions before installation leisurely, instead of doing it in the midst of installation process. Use Gparted to do it. If you are comfortable doing it during installation, no worries. It is a guided process. You can do as you prefer.

The Linux OS files are stored on a partition called as the root (/) partition, which holds all the system files. It must be formatted preferably as ext4 and mounted on /.

The Linux OS stores the user files like, Documents, Downloads, Videos, Music etc on a directory called /home directory (the forward slash ‘/’ is for root and the ‘home’ folder which houses the, Documents, Downloads, Videos, Music etc is placed inside the root partition). All the user settings & configurations are also placed in this /home folder as hidden folders.

It must be formatted preferably as ext4 and mounted on /home.

Some users prefer to keep this /home folder on a separate partition. Or you can choose to have no separate partition for home and choose to keep it as a directory in the root. You get an option to do this during the installation process. You can do as you prefer. If you choose to keep it as a directory in the root, you should not create the /home partition now. Actually the Linux OS Does NOT need a separate /home partition. /home is only needed in case you don’t want the user files to be stored in the /root partition or if you want a user accessible from different installed (Multiple boot) systems. The reason some people prefer to have a separate partition is, in case they wreck their system and have to go for a re-installation, they will not loose what is on their separate home partition. So the choice is yours. During installation, you can specify the /home to be inside root or as a separate partition.

The Linux OS optionally needs a partition called Swap for memory when your RAM gets all filled. It must be formatted as swap. If you are tight on RAM, you will benefit from having a swap partition. Or else it is not necessary.

Give about 10 to 15GB space for ‘root’ depending upon the type and size of applications you are going to use. Then, if you are creating a Swap partition, give it 1.5 times the size of your RAM (If your RAM is 3GB, your Swap should be 3×1.5=4.5GB). And keep the rest for /home.

If you choose to do the partitions during installation, almost the same procedure is to be carried out. Dolphin Oracle has made a video on it to get you through. I have given the link above to Dolphin Oracles videos.

Installation of the antiX operating System
Most of the installation process is automated. However, before going for installation you must setup the internet connection.

Starting Internet
Setting up the WiFi internet connection: Use the Connection-manager icon, the two arrows, at the right bottom to get it going. Right click the two arrows, and left click WiFi to turn it on. Next left click the Connection-manager icon and hold it down. It should pop up a list of available WiFi networks. Give it a few seconds to fill the list. Move to the one you want and then release the left button of your mouse. It should pop up the password prompt. Type it in and click apply. You should see some yellow and red vertical bars in the WiFi network monitor to the right, and the little x next to the arrows on the Connection-manager icon will disappear. If you face difficulties, you can watch this video here – https://www.antiXforum.com/forums/topic/wifi-with-connman-antiX-19-2/.

If you have an Ethernet connection, just plug in the Ethernet cable from your modem, enter the username password given to you by your internet service provider.

If you cannot connect to either the WiFi or the Ethernet, just tether your phone with a USB data cable and choose the tethering options in your phone. Your data must be ON. It will be easily connected. You must be aware that, the first update & upgrade will consume about 400 MB of data plus any applications that you would manually install.

Update and upgrade
Now update and upgrade with following commands, in the terminal. You can also use antiX Updater (Menu > Applications > antiX > antiX Updater) which does both steps in a single GUI program.

Hit enter and type your password when asked and hit enter. The default password in the antiX Live USB is ‘demo’. [For root access, password is ‘root’. Please do not login as root. It is totally unnecessary.] Your password will not be displayed on the screen. Just type it correctly and hit enter blindly. After the update is complete, type the following in the terminal and hit enter;

Choose the partitions
On the desktop there is a shortcut to start the installation process. Single click on it. Remember, double click will bring error notification. You are on ROX-IceWM, so single click is what you need to launch applications. However, if you need the double click option, you can do the following.

Menu > Applications > System > Rox Filer > Right click on any empty space inside the file manager > Options > Filer windows > Disable “Right-click navigation”.

Next choosing the partitions, if you have already created the partitions. If you haven’t the guided process will take you through.

During the installation, choosing the correct partitions is a serious matter. Those partitions are formatted before installation by the installer. Even if you choose not to format the /home partition, you must format the /root partition. So you have to choose the right partitions. If you choose something else by mistake your data on that partition will be washed off.

Setting Language & timezone & Username
While the installation process is going on, click on the next buttons to set up your time, date, timezone, keyboard, username, password etc. No need to hurry, the installation process will wait till you have finished doing it. That’s it. The rest will be taken care of by the USB installer.

After installation, shut down the computer, remove the USB and start the computer. You will be booted into the new antiX OS.

Setting up the new antiX OS
Once you boot into the new OS, the first step is to update and upgrade, if you have not done it in the Live USB stick before installation. Follow the same procedure as given above.

You are automatically connected to the internet using your earlier setup during installation.

Restart. It is always good to restart once after large system wide updates, upgrades or installations. You may not do this for small individual package installations.

Package Installer
Then open the package installer (The shopping bag icon) from the left bottom of the desktop. Select the applications you would like to install. Don’t forget to select “Synaptic” from Package-Management drop-down list. You will need this to install packages from several repositories.

After installation, restart.

Synaptic package Manager
Now open the ‘Synaptic package Manager’ from the Menu > Applications > System

In the package manager go to;

Settings > Preferences > General > Select/enable ‘Consider recommended packages as dependencies’ > Apply & OK.

Next, search and select from the following packages, which you may find necessary for your daily work. The below list shows the most common applications used by the home user. If you need anything else, search and select, ‘mark for installation’. Though by default, antiX-Base and antiX-Full have almost all the necessary packages, I am just giving a hint to get your system ready to do all the tasks a home user would do. Omit if you have already installed from the Package Installer. If you are installing antiX Full, you will find some of the packages mentioned already installed.

Audacity – (To edit audio files.)

Catfish – (This is a good file searching software. There is a default SpaceFM search, if it is OK for you.)

Chromium – (Browser. You have the Firefox-esr by default.)

Gdebi – (To install debian packages.)

GIMP – (For editing images)

Gnome Disks Utility – (You may need it to create mount options for your other external partitions)

Ibus – (This is necessary to do typing in regional languages.) Ensure all the following dependencies are installed. You must configure Ibus by starting Ibus from Preferences > Yes > OK > The IBUS preferences box will open. If it doesn’t you should start by right clicking on the icon in your right tray > Preferences > Input method > Add > Select your language. > Add. You will then have to copy and place your language ‘Fonts’ folder by downloading from the web, inside the /usr/share/fonts/truetype/. And then configure LibreOfficeWriter by going to > Tools → Options → Language settings → Languages Check Enabled for Complex Text Layout(CTL) and Choose your language in Default languages for Documents (CTL).

You may need to install the following ibus dependencies depending upon your language. Verify it from the web.

ibus-m17n

ibus-table-extraphrase

ibus-gtk

ibus-gtk3

ibus-qt4 (Ignore this if it is not available on the repositories.)

ibus-table

ibus-clutter

Kolourpaint – (Like MS paint)

Libreoffice – (MS Office like package)

Media Info gui- (To extract technical information of video files.)

VLC – (Video/Audio player)

Vnstat – (Command line Interface to extract Internet traffic information)

gnome-Screenshot – (To take screenshots. There is a default screenshot app, if it is OK with you.)

Virtualbox – (For creating Virtual machines.)

Zim – (This is a note making software.)

Avidemux – (To edit video files. Install if you do this kind of work.)

There is no Debian package for Avidemux application. There is a thing called AppImage. AppImage is a format for distributing portable software on Linux without needing superuser permissions to install the application. It contains an app and all the files the app needs to run.

You can download the latest Avidemux package here: http://avidemux.sourceforge.net/download.html.

If you want Tor Browser, you can see this ( https://www.antiXforum.com/forums/topic/tor-browser-installation-signature-verification-failed/ ) link for a manual to do it.

These packages are enough for day to day functions. Select ones that you need and click apply. After finishing, restart.

Now that all packages have been installed, you can customize the Desktop and other settings.

Changing the default settings
An important information, before you go for changing the default settings:

It is preferred and recommended that you use the OS as it comes. However, every person has different requirements. The default applications shown in the panel to the left & right bottoms, could be subjectively appropriate for you or not. Like if you often switch between workspaces, having the workspaces on the toolbar really helps. If you do not, it simply holds space that can be given to other applications that you use every now and then. Similarly, other applications displayed on the toolbar. If you feel, it helps to keep some of the most often used applications there and remove the ones you use less often, you can do so by the following method. Here I will take certain examples and change accordingly. The same procedure applies to any application. You can follow that to your liking. However there is a caveat here;

Any change in the default settings, will be overwritten and return to default settings, if in future you install/upgrade/remove any program using the Synaptic, because of the special hook in apt. So whenever you do so, you will have to repeat these changes.

Keep that in mind.

If you do not want any changes to the default system, you skip these steps and directly jump to, USER SETTINGS, below.

Desktop right-bottom tray
If you don’t like the ‘CPU status’ and ‘Memory status’ (There is already Conky on the desktop doing almost the same thing. If you want to disable Conky and keep these, see below.) in the right-bottom tray and the ‘Workspaces switching buttons’ in Left-bottom, you can remove them by doing as below. Workspaces can be accessed with Control+Alt+right/left arrow mark keys alternatively.

Open the ‘Control center’ from the Menu. In the Control-center > Desktop > Edit IceWM settings > Preferences

The text editor will open.

Click on ‘preferences’. (Whatever you edit here, will take effect only after a fresh ‘logon’.)

Search for ‘# Show RAM usage in CPU status tool tip


 * 1) CPUStatusShowRamUsage=1 # 0/1’ in the search box given above. Change 1 to 0, like this ‘TaskBarShowCPUStatus=0’.

Search for ‘# Show CPU status on task bar

TaskBarShowCPUStatus=1 # 0/1’ in the search box given above. Change 1 to 0, like this ‘TaskBarShowCPUStatus=0’.

Search for ‘# Show memory usage status on task bar (Linux only)

TaskBarShowMEMStatus=1 # 0/1’ in the search box given above. Change 1 to 0, like this ‘TaskBarShowMEMStatus=0’.

Search for ‘# Show workspace switching buttons on task bar

TaskBarShowWorkspaces=1 # 0/1’ in the search box given above. Change 1 to 0, like this ‘TaskBarShowWorkspaces=0’

Don’t close the text editor, yet.

Desktop left-bottom
Next if you don’t like the default applications given in the left-bottom. Instead, if you want Terminal, Notes (a note keeping software), Leafpad (Notepad equivalent), Calculator, Screenshot, Firefox, Chromium, ‘SpaceFM-File Manager’ and Unplug Removable Device. To change the current set and bring yours there in place of them, do as below.

In the same the text editor, click on ‘toolbar’. There is a list of apps there. The scheme of the settings is;

prog “app-name-to-be-displayed” path-to-app-icon app-executable

Just add a ‘#’ before those applications which you don’t want in the left-bottom of your desktop. And add any new ones you want to be shown there. I have added some and hashed out some. You can take this as an example and change it according to your requirement. The final edited set looks as below. The path to the app icons need not be shown. The system knows where those are placed. Sometimes the system may fail to locate icons. If that occurs you have to find the icon and show the path to that icon here.

Conky disabling
There is the ‘conky’ (system resource details displayer) placed on the right-top of the desktop. If you want you can keep it. If you want to toggle between on/off in a session but keep it getting launched at startup, you can do so by going to;

Mwnu > Desktop > Conky On/Off

However, if you want to permanently stop it from launching at start up, this is how you do it.

Open ‘control-center’. Session > User Desktop session.

A text editor will open. Click on ‘desktop-session.conf’. Search for LOAD_CONKY=”true”. Change it to false like this;

LOAD_CONKY=”false”.

Conky will not be displayed after a fresh logon.

Now close the editor and the control-center and logoff and logon. All your changes must take effect. If they don’t, you have done something wrong or you need to show the paths. Re-edit and check. You can even copy from the above list given by me here, under ‘### Commonly used applications’, and paste in the toolbar.

Menu updating – system
Now after installation of applications from the Synaptic or from outside the repositories, if any of the apps are not shown in the Menu, do the following. Any change in the default settings you do by this method, will be overwritten and return to default settings, if in future you install/upgrade/remove any program using the Synaptic, because of the special hook in apt. So whenever you do so, you will have to repeat these steps.

Updating the Menu using the Control-center;

Menu > Control-center > Maintenance > Menu editor

In the box that opens;

Applications > Show > A list is opened > Choose the App that you want displayed in the Menu > OK > Refresh > OK > Close control center

Menu updating – manual
If the above mentioned method fails, do the following.

However, before following the below mentioned procedure, it is recommended using the “Refresh Menu” (It’s on the Menu list) or the command “desktop-menu –write-out-global” if your applications was installed manually (after installing with gdebi, for example). If this doesn’t work for you do the following.

Open the ‘Rox filer’ file manager from the Menu > System, inside the /home/your-username/ folder, at the top, click on the ‘eye’ symbol to show hidden files. Open the ‘.icewm’ folder. Open ‘menu-applications’ by right clicking on it and clicking on ‘Edit as root’.

There is the list of applications shown in the Menu in different categories, in alphabetical order. Here too the scheme is as below;

prog “app-name-to-be-displayed” path-to-app-icon app-executable

Add this line under appropriate section.

prog “Application-name” application.png application

Save and close. Re-logon. Now your application will be in the Menu, under the section you added it.

Desktop Background/Wallpaper
If you want to change the wallpaper/background on the desktop and add your own personal background, open ‘Rox filer as root’ from the Menu > Application > System. Go to /usr/share/wallpaper. It contains the default backgrounds. You can choose one among them. Or paste there any wallpaper you want and close it. Then to choose that as your desktop background do the following.

Menu > Control-center > Desktop > Choose wallpaper > In the box that opens > Select picture > Select your picture and open > Apply

Screen blanking
There is the screen blanking setting in antiX. The screen will go blank after your set number of minutes. Do as below to set it.

Menu > Control-center > Session > Set screen blanking > Slide to, say 10 minutes, and click Apply > OK > close the Control-center.

Ad blocking
If you want to block ads do the following.

Menu > Control-center > Network > Adblock > In the box that opens, click OK > In the box that opens, select some/all the options and click OK.

Sound problems
If there is no sound do the following.

Menu > Control-center > Hardware > Adjust mixer > In the box that opens, set as below;

An “MM” means muted, and “OO” means unmuted. Press ‘m’ key on the keyboard to mute/unmute. Note that a bar can be 100% full but still be muted, so do check for this.

See that the AlsaMixer box that has opened has the following settings.

Master – 00 & 100

Headphone – As much as you want.

Speaker – As much as you want.

Mic – MM & 00

Mic booster – 00

Mic booster – 00

S/PDIF – MM

Capture – 40<>40

Auto-Mut – Enabled

Internal – MM & O<>O

Internal – O<>O

Internal – O<>O

Loopback – Disabled

Pre-amp – 11<>11

Pre-amp – 11<>11

Exit from alsamixer with the Esc key.

User Accounts
To create a daily-use user-account do the following;

Menu > Control-center > Maintenance > User manager > In the box that opens go to;

Administration > Add any username and password.

Then go to Copy/sync tab. A file navigator box opens. Close it. In the section under Copy between desktops, your Administrator name and the newly created name is displayed. If you want to just copy whatever changes you have just done on the new system to the new user account select copy. If you want to keep synchronizing any changes you will make in the future too, select sync. Under ‘What to copy/sync’, select ‘Entire home’ to take every change made to the new user account. Apply and close. In the same window you can select/deselect groups, in the Groups management tab. Groups give or take privileges to users.

Restart. Your system is ready. This will get almost all the home users going. Best wishes with your new antiX system.

A word on Desktops
To keep the OS light, the antiX creaters have adopted the strategy of giving the users a ‘File Manager-Window Manager’ combination and a range of varieties also to suit the different liking of the users. You get several different such File managers and Window managers like; ROX filer, SpaceFM, file managers and IceWM, JWM, Fluxbox Window managers and their different combinations with just a click of the mouse. Menu > Desktop > Other desktops will take you to more than 20 options to choose from, to fit your inclinations. The SpaceFM file manager is available by default in Menu > Applications > System.

A word on Frugal install
Frugal install is an interesting option. It is the same like the Live USB but it is on your Hard Disk. It is secure than the regular install, because any changes made are not retained. If you restart the system, everything fresh as before. It is an interesting instance, worth trying.

You can find details of Frugal install in the antiX FAQ page and in the following threads."The Philosophy behind my attachment with antiX"And in the posts of Olsztyn in the thread below;"How to create isolated, underprevileged but standard user accounts?"Changing to EXTLINUX/SYSLINUX as the bootloader for the frugal install is a very good setup. You can find the details of it in the below thread;"Booting antiX Frugal-only From HDD Without Any Full-Installed OS – with Extlinux"Take a look at these threads. They give a glimpse to the very interesting instance of antiX setup.